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CPU socket

LGA 775, an LGA Socket
Socket A (also known as Socket 462)

A CPU socket or CPU slot is a mechanical component(s) that provides mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). This allows the CPU to be replaced without soldering.

Common sockets have retention clips that apply a constant force, which must be overcome when a device is inserted. For chips with a large number of pins, either zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets or land grid array (LGA) sockets are used instead. These designs apply a compression force once either a handle (for ZIF type) or a surface plate (LGA type) is put into place. This provides superior mechanical retention while avoiding the risk of bending pins when inserting the chip into the socket.

CPU sockets are used in desktop and server computers. As they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new circuits. Laptops typically use surface mount CPUs, which need less space than a socketed part.

Contents

Function

A CPU socket is made of plastic, a lever or latch, and metal contacts for each of the pins or lands on the CPU. Many packages are keyed to ensure the proper insertion of the CPU. CPUs with a PGA (pin grid array) package are inserted into the socket and the latch is closed. CPUs with an LGA package are inserted into the socket, the latch plate is flipped into position atop the CPU, and the lever is lowered and locked into place, pressing the CPU's contacts firmly against the socket's lands and ensuring a good connection, as well as increased mechanical stability.

List of sockets and slots

Socket
name		Year of introductionYear of End Of LifeCPU families supportedComputer typePackagePin countPin pitchBus speedNotes
DIP1970sStill availableIntel 8086
Intel 8088		 DIP402.54mm5/10 MHz 
PLCC ?Still availableIntel 80186
Intel 80286
Intel 80386		 PLCC68, 1321.27mm6–40 MHz 
Socket 11989 ?Intel 80486 PGA169 ?16–50 MHz 
Socket 2 ? ?Intel 80486 PGA238 ?16–50 MHz 
Socket 31991 ?Intel 80486 PGA237 ?16–50 MHz 
Socket 4 ? ?Intel Pentium PGA273 ?60–66 MHz 
Socket 5 ? ?Intel Pentium
AMD K5
IDT WinChip C6
IDT WinChip 2		 PGA320 ?50–66 MHz 
Socket 6 ? ?Intel 80486 PGA235 ? ?Designed but not used
Socket 71994 ?Intel Pentium
Intel Pentium MMX
AMD K6		 PGA321 ?50–66 MHz 
Super Socket 71998 ?AMD K6-2
AMD K6-III
Rise mP6
Cyrix MII		 PGA321 ?66–100 MHz 
Socket 81995 ?Intel Pentium Pro PGA387 ?60–66 MHz 
Slot 11997 ?Intel Pentium II

Intel Pentium III		 Slot242 ?66–133 MHzCeleron (Covington, Mendocino)
Pentium II (Klamath, Deschutes)
Pentium III (Katmai)- all versions
Pentium III (coppermine)
Slot 21998 ?Intel Pentium II Xeon Slot330 ?100–133 MHz 
Socket 463/
Socket NexGen		 ? ?NexGen Nx586 PGA463 ? ? 
Socket 587 ? ?Alpha 21164A Slot587 ? ? 
Slot A1999 ?AMD Athlon Slot242 ?100 MHz 
Slot B ? ?Alpha 21264 Slot587 ? ? 
Socket 3701999 ?Intel Pentium III
Intel Celeron
VIA Cyrix III
VIA C3		 PGA3701.27mm[1]66–133 MHz 
Socket 462/
Socket A		2000 ?AMD Athlon
AMD Duron
AMD Athlon XP
AMD Athlon XP-M
AMD Athlon MP
AMD Sempron		DesktopPGA462 ?100–200 MHz This is a double data rate bus having a 400 MT/s

(megatransfers/second) fsb in the later models

 
Socket 4232000 ?Intel Pentium 4 PGA4231mm[2]400 MT/s (100 MHz)Willamette core only
Socket 478/
Socket N		2000~2007Intel Pentium 4
Intel Celeron
Intel Pentium 4 EE
Intel Pentium 4 M		 PGA4781.27mm[3]400–800 MT/s (100–200 MHz) 
Socket 4952000 ?Intel Celeron PGA4951.27mm[4] ? 
PAC4182001 ?Intel Itanium PGA418 ?133 MHz 
Socket 6032001 ?Intel Xeon PGA6031.27mm[5]400–533 MT/s (100–133 MHz) 
PAC6112002 ?Intel Itanium 2
HP PA-8800, PA-8900		 PGA611 ? ? 
Socket 6042002 ?Intel Xeon PGA6041.27mm[5]400–1066 MT/s (100–266 MHz) 
Socket 7542003 ?AMD Athlon 64
AMD Sempron
AMD Turion 64		 PGA7541.27mm[6]200–800 MHz 
Socket 9402003 ?AMD Opteron Athlon 64 FX PGA9401.27mm[7]200–1000 MHz 
Socket 4792003 ?Intel Pentium M
Intel Celeron M		 PGA479[8] ?400–533 MT/s (100–133 MHz) 
Socket 939200411/2008AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon 64 FX
AMD Athlon 64 X2
AMD Opteron		DesktopPGA9391.27mm[7]200–1000 MHzSupport of Athlon 64 FX to 1 GHz
Support of Opteron limited to 100-series only
LGA 775/
Socket T		2004 ?Intel Pentium 4
Intel Pentium D
Intel Celeron
Intel Celeron D
Intel Pentium XE
Intel Core 2 Duo
Intel Core 2 Quad
Intel Xeon		DesktopLGA7751.09mm x 1.17mm[9]1600 MHz 
Socket 563 ? ?AMD Athlon XP-M PGA563 ? ? 
Socket M2006 ?Intel Core Solo
Intel Core Duo
Intel Dual-Core Xeon
Intel Core 2 Duo		NotebookPGA478 ?533–667 MT/s (133–166 MHz)Replaces Socket 479
LGA 771/
Socket J		2006 ?Intel XeonServerLGA7711.09mm x 1.17mm[10]1600 MHz 
Socket S12006 ?AMD Turion 64 X2 PGA6381.27mm[11]200–800 MHz 
Socket AM22006 ?AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon 64 X2		 PGA9401.27mm[7]200–1000 MHzReplaces Socket 754 and Socket 939
Socket F2006 ?AMD Athlon 64 FX
AMD Opteron		 LGA12071.1mm[12] ?Replaces Socket 940
Socket AM2+2007 ?AMD Athlon 64
AMD Athlon X2
AMD Phenom
AMD Phenom II		 PGA9401.27mm[7]200–2600 MHzSeparated power planes
Replaces Socket AM2
AM2+ Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2
AM2 Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2+
Socket P2007 ?Intel Core 2NotebookPGA478 533–1066 MT/s (133–266 MHz)Replaces Socket M
Socket 4412008 ?Intel AtomSub-notebookPGA441 ?400–667 MHz 
LGA 1366/
Socket B		2008 ?Intel Core i7 (900 series)
Intel Xeon (35xx, 36xx, 55xx, 56xx series)		ServerLGA1366 4.8-6.4 GT/sReplaces Socket J (LGA 771) in the entry level.
rPGA 988A/
Socket G1		2008 ?Intel Core i7 (600, 700, 800, 900 series)
Intel Core i5 (400, 500 series)
Intel Core i3 (300 series)
Intel Pentium (P6000 series)
Intel Celeron (P4000 series)		NotebookrPGA9881mm2.5GT/s, 4.8GT/s 
Socket AM32009 ?AMD Phenom II
AMD Athlon II
AMD Sempron		 PGA941[13] or 940[14]1.27mm[7]200–3200 MHzSeparated power planes
Replaces Socket AM2+
AM3 Pkg. CPUs can work in Socket AM2/AM2+
Sempron 140 Only
LGA 1156/
Socket H		20092012Intel Core i7 (800 series)
Intel Core i5 (700, 600 series)
Intel Core i3 (500 series)
Intel Xeon (X3400, L3400 series)
Intel Pentium (G6000 series)
Intel Celeron (G1000 series)		DesktopLGA1156 ?2.5 GT/sDMI bus is a (perhaps modified) PCI-E x4 v1.1 interface
Socket G342010 ?AMD Opteron (6000 series) LGA1974 ?200–3200 MHzReplaces Socket F
Socket C322010 ?AMD Opteron (4000 series) LGA1207 ?200–3200 MHzReplaces Socket F, Socket AM3
LGA 12482010 ?Intel Intel Itanium 9300-seriesServerLGA1248 ?4.8 GT/s 
LGA 15672010 ?Intel Intel Xeon 6500/7500-seriesServerLGA1567 ?4.8-6.4 GT/s 
LGA 1155/
Socket H2		2011/Q1 ?Intel Sandy Bridge
Intel Ivy Bridge		DesktopLGA1155 ?5.7, GT/sSupports 20 PCI-E 2.0 lanes.
Intel Mainstream Socket.
LGA 2011/
Socket R		2011/Q3 ?Intel Sandy Bridge-EServerLGA2011 ?4.8-6.4 GT/sSupports 40 PCI-E 3.0 lanes.
Intel enthusiast Socket.
rPGA 988B/
Socket G2		2011 ?Intel Core i7 (2000, 3000 series)
Intel Core i5 (2000, 3000 series)
Intel Core i3 (2000, 3000 series)		NotebookrPGA9881mm2.5GT/s, 4.8GT/s 
Socket FM12011 ?AMD Llano ProcessorsDesktopPGA9051.27mm used for 1st generation APUs
Socket AM3+2011 ?AMD FX Vishera
AMD FX Zambezi
AMD Phenom II
AMD Athlon II
AMD Sempron		DesktopPGA942 (CPU 71pin)1.27mm  
Socket FM22012?AMD Trinity ProcessorsDesktopPGA9041.27mm used for 2nd generation APUs
LGA 1150/
Socket H3		2013/Q2 ?Intel Haswell
Intel Broadwell		DesktopLGA1150 ?  
Socket G3/
Socket G3		2013/Q2 ?Intel Haswell
Intel Broadwell		NotebookrPGA889 ?  
Socket
name		Year of introductionYear of EOLCPU familiesComputer typePackagePin countPin pitchBus speedNotes

Slotkets

Slotkets are special adapters for using socket processors in bus-compatible slot motherboards.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Intel 815 Chipset Family". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-04. 
  2. ^ "423 Pin Socket (PGA423) Design Guidelines". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  3. ^ "Intel Pentium 4 Processor 478-Pin Socket (mPGA478) Design Guidelines". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  4. ^ "495-Pin and 615-pin micro-PGA ZIF Socket Design Specification Application Note". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  5. ^ a b "mPGA 604 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  6. ^ "AMD Sempron Processor Product Data Sheet". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  7. ^ a b c d e "AMD Opteron Processor Product Data Sheet". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  8. ^ CPU only has 478 pins, but the socket has 479.
  9. ^ "LGA775 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-04. 
  10. ^ "LGA771 Socket Mechanical Design Guide". intel.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  11. ^ "Low-Profile Socket S1 Design Specification". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  12. ^ "Thermal Design Guide for Socket F (1207) Processors". amd.com. Retrieved 2009-05-06. 
  13. ^ CPU only has 938 pins, but the socket has 941.
  14. ^ AMD Documentation "Socket AM3 design Specification". amd.com. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 

External links

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