The Internet and Browsing. Glossary of Internet Terms Address Bar – an address bar is the top, long, white box into which you type the website address.

Presentation on theme: "The Internet and Browsing. Glossary of Internet Terms Address Bar – an address bar is the top, long, white box into which you type the website address."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Internet and Browsing

2 Glossary of Internet Terms Address Bar – an address bar is the top, long, white box into which you type the website address you want to visit. Online – a computer is connected to the Internet either by telephone or cable. Offline – you are using your computer, but it is not connected to the Internet. Scroll – the grey bar on the right side of the screen that helps you move up and down on a web page. Social Networking – Using the Internet to discuss interests, meet new friends, share photographs, send messages and/or chat with people. URL – an address that you need to type to access a website. This usually begins with “www”. URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. Web Site – a location on the Internet where a person or organization has put their information for people to use. Web Page – one page of a website.

3 What is the Internet? The Internet is a gigantic collection of millions of computers, all linked together on a computer network all over the world. People make their own websites. These websites have domains, which is an address. You type in the address to get to the right domain. Most addresses start with www. This stands for the World Wide Web.

4 What is the Internet, cont’d? There are many, many websites. Some are owned and updated by government agencies, companies, schools and medical groups. Some people make money from their websites and others just post websites or web pages for fun or information.

5 The Internet - 1969, ARPANet After World WAR II and during Cold war, US government was interested in science and technology research to improve radar signals and communications The Internet was founded, by a US military network called ARPANet (Advanced Research Projects Agency network) ARPANet formed in 1969 to research networking. ◦ They documented the Internet protocols ◦ Email was developed ◦ Networked 4 computers together ◦ Government also funded universities for research:  MIT Multimedia lab was founded, NASA was also formed to distribute funds to universities and other centers

6 How the Web Works Your browser forms a connection to a Web server, requests a page and receives it. Here are the details: The browser broke the URL into three parts: 1.The protocol ("http") 2.The server name ("www.cnn.com") 3.The file name (“index.htm”) The browser communicated with a name server to translate the server name "www.cnn.com" into an IP Address, which it uses to connect to the server machine.

7 IP Addresses ◦ To keep all of the machines on the Internet straight, each machine is assigned a unique address called an IP address. ◦ IP stands for Internet protocol, and these addresses are 32-bit numbers normally expressed as four "octets" in a "dotted decimal number." ◦ A typical IP address looks like this: MUST.AC.UG has address 172.29.7.1

8 MUST Web Page Domain/ Web Address

9 Why Use the Internet? The Internet has become a very important part of our world. Many employees now have workplace email and most employers want to hire workers who know how to use the Internet. More and more people are choosing to share messages and pictures through email and social networks (such as Facebook and Twitter).

10 Using the Internet can also save time, money and effort. For example: Using email and social websites is a less expensive way of staying in touch with family and friends, especially if they live far away. Banking online saves time because you do not have to write cheques or stand in line at your local bank. If you do not have the Internet at home, many libraries have free Internet service.

11 The Internet is a quick way to find information, such as local weather, phone numbers and postal codes. The Internet is helpful when looking and applying for jobs. Most employers post job ads online. Stores, government agencies and organizations now have websites. These sites have lists of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs). You may access these sites to get the answers to your questions without having to phone for information. This cuts down the time you spend waiting on hold.

12 Internet Providers You need an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to connect to the Internet. You will not be able to connect to the Internet without it. Local companies like MTN and Orange supply this service.

13 Who Controls the Internet? Not one person, company or government owns the Internet. Its truly collaborative, collective enterprise. There are organizations that have influence and together form a collective body to guide the Internet and the web.

14 Browsers Once connected to the Internet, you need to use a “browser” to search the Internet. This is called going online. On the desktop (the screen you see when you start the computer) you see an icon. This is Internet Explorer, the browser used to get “online” and use the Internet. At home you may choose a different browser.

15 Browsers, cont’d There are other browsers that people use on their computers. Three other browsers are: Mozilla Firefox, Netscape and Google Chrome.

16 The Mouse The mouse is very important to Internet use. Use the mouse to open the browser to get online. Use the mouse to tell the computer what you want it to do.

17 Using the Mouse Holding the mouse 1. Place three fingers on the mouse. 2. The thumb and little finger are on each side. 3. Rest your index finger on the left button. 4. Rest your ring finger on the right button. 5. Place your centre finger over the “scroll ball”. 6. You do not have to grip the mouse tightly.

18 Moving the Mouse The mouse will move with your hand. 1. Move your hand forward to move up the screen. 2. Move your hand back to move down. 3. Move your hand left to go left and right to go right.

19 Clicking the Mouse Click the mouse with your finger. 1. Click the left button on your mouse. 2. Click it one time.

20 Double Clicking the Mouse To double click 1. Put your hand on the mouse. 2. Put your finger over the left mouse button. Quickly move your finger up and down on the left button.

21 Icons The pictures on your desktop are called icons. Double click on the icons to open programs on the computer. To open, double click on the Internet Explorer icon, or the icon of your preferred Brower.

22 The Cursor and the Internet To find the mouse on the screen look for the cursor. The cursor looks like this: If you put your hand on the mouse and move the mouse to the right, your cursor will also move right on the screen. If you put your hand on the mouse and move your mouse to the left, your cursor will move left on the screen. To move your cursor up, hold the mouse and move your hand forward. To move your cursor down, hold the mouse and move your hand backwards.

23 The Hand Cursor (Link) When using the Internet the arrow cursor may change to a hand cursor. The hand cursor looks like this: a hand with a pointing finger. This cursor allows you to connect to another webpage. This cursor is used when: ◦ You want to “link” to another webpage on the website. ◦ You select text or images. ◦ You select the type of information you need to search with your web browser, such as websites, pictures or news articles. ◦ You click the number or the word next to take you to the next page.

24 Internet Text Internet text that you are able to click on is often blue, sometimes it is underlined. When the arrow cursor is moved over the text, the cursor may change to the pointing cursor to show that you can click on this part of the webpage.

25 Drop Down Menu A drop down menu is a screen with options that appears below a heading when you click on it. Many sites have drop down menus where you are asked to choose one option from a list. A drop down menu looks like this:

26 Drop Down Menu, cont’d To select something from a drop down menu, click on the downward arrow beside the address box.

27 Drop Down Menu, cont’d Then move the cursor over the selection you want to choose. You may have to scroll down to see all of the options. Click on the one you want. It will be highlighted in blue when you click it on.

28 The Address Bar The address bar is for searching addresses online. To use the address bar, click in the long, white box. This will highlight the text like this: Press the key to delete the address that is there.

29 The Address Bar, cont’d Type the address of the webpage you want to visit and press the key.

30 Scrolling When you are on the Internet you may not get to see the full webpage. Use your scroll bars and arrows to move up and down the page.

31 Scrolling, cont’d It is at the right hand side of your screen. Click on the up arrow to move up the page. Click on the down arrow to move down the page. Hold down the left mouse button to scroll up or down the screen more quickly. You can also use the wheel on your mouse to scroll. Roll your finger over it to see how it works.

32 Going Back While your Brower is open, it will remember each page you have been to in order. If you want to go back to the webpage you were on before, you can do this at anytime. Click the backwards arrow at the top left hand corner of the screen to go back. Each click will take you back one page.

33 Going Forward If you would like to return to a page you were on after these pages. Click the forward arrow at the top left hand corner of your screen.

34 Using a Search Engine A search engine helps you find information online. You search by using one or more keywords. Once you have typed in your keyword(s) the search engine will find all websites that relate to your keyword(s). The more information you give a search engine, the better the information you get will be.

35 Using a Search Engine, cont’d Here are some examples of popular search engines: ◦ www.google.ca www.google.ca ◦ www.bing.ca www.bing.ca ◦ www.yahoo.ca www.yahoo.ca

36 Using a Search Engine, cont’d To search for information type your keyword in the white box on the search engine’s page. You can then click on Search or press your enter key.

37 Using a Search Engine, cont’d The search engine will give you many choices. Click on the blue underlined words to open a website. This is a link. You will see the pointing cursor when you pass your cursor over this line. These blue underlined words are called “links”.

38 Using a Search Engine, cont’d If you scroll to the bottom of your screen you will see the number of pages that match your keyword. Click “Next” or the next page number to look for more. The page number you are on will be in RED.

39 Boolean (Search) Operators Connect terms and locate records containing matching terms Inserted in a search box – AND, OR, NOT Must be in UPPERCASE when used AND, NOT operators are processed in a left- to right sequence. These are processed first before the OR operators OR operators are also processed from left- to-right

40 AND Operator (to combine two concepts) the AND operator is used to combine two concepts e.g. hip AND fracture – in the shaded area

41 AND Operator (to combine three concepts) the AND operator is used to combine three concepts e.g. hip AND fracture AND elderly – in the shaded area

42 OR Operator (info containing one or other term) renal OR kidney – in the shaded area with the overlap in the middle having both search terms

43 NOT Operator (in one term or the other) pig NOT guinea – in the shaded area; eliminates items in 2nd term (guinea) or both terms

44 Other Search Engine Functions Phrase or proximity searching: “…” or (…) – allows you to search for an exact phrase “information literacy” prevention and (malaria parasite) Truncation/wildcards: * or $ – allow you to search alternative spellings child* for child OR childs OR children parasite* for parasite OR parasites Alternate spellings: ? – can be used to substitute for characters anywhere in a word wom ? n would search for “woman” and “women”

45 Africa AND (HIV OR tuberculosis) HIV tuberculosis Africa Africa AND (HIV or tuberculosis) – in the shaded area The (OR) operator retains items in each term and the AND operator is used to combine two concepts

46 Finding Good Information Online The technical name for a web address is a URL (Uniform Resource Locator). A URL contains words to help you see where the information you are reading is coming from. Some addresses show you what country the site is from. For example: ◦ www.google.ca is a Canadian website ◦ www.bbc.co.uk is a website from the United Kingdom ◦ http://www.nzherald.co.nz is a website from New Zealand ◦ Websites from the United States will not have a country code, and will usually end in.com for a commercial site.

47 Web Pages A web page can also tell you what organization your information is coming from. http://www.usa.gov is a government website http://www.bbbs.org is a website for the Big Brother and Big Sisters organization.

48 Finding News on Google If you are looking for news headlines about a particular news story, type the search words into the Google search box. Then click News at the top of the page. This will take you to news headlines related to your search words. You can click on the results to read the news story.

49 E-Mails? You all have an email address, so we will not go into detail on how to create one.

50 Homework To be typed and submitted by hand, hardcopy, no later than Monday, 3 rd November. 1. Type your name, last name in CAPS, and in BOLD letters; first name any way you wish. 2. Below your name, type your MUST Registration number in Cambria font and in italics characters. 3. On the next line, type the following: By signing this document, I confirm that it is my own work and that I received no assistance from anyone in preparing this document. Then print it, sign it, and bring it to class on 3 rd November.